FeLV and FIV in Cats: What Every UK Cat Owner Should Know

FeLV and FIV in Cats: What Every UK Cat Owner Should Know

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) are two serious viral infections that affect cats. Both can compromise a cat’s immune system and overall health, but with early detection, vaccination, and proper care, cats can live healthy lives. At Paws & Co Veterinary Centre, we provide guidance, testing, and prevention to keep your feline friend safe.

What is FeLV?

FeLV is a contagious virus that affects a cat’s immune system, making them more susceptible to infections, anemia, and certain cancers. It spreads primarily through saliva, bite wounds, grooming, or shared food bowls, making outdoor cats at higher risk.

What is FIV?

FIV is similar to HIV in humans, targeting a cat’s immune system. It is primarily transmitted through deep bite wounds, so outdoor and unneutered male cats are at higher risk. Unlike FeLV, FIV is not easily spread through casual contact, grooming, or shared litter boxes.

Who is at Risk?

  • Outdoor cats or cats with unsupervised access to other cats

  • Unneutered male cats, especially those that fight

  • Cats with unknown vaccination or health history

Even indoor cats can be at risk if exposed to infected cats through contact with other cats or contaminated items.

Signs and Symptoms

Both FeLV and FIV can be silent for years, but common signs include:

  • Weight loss

  • Persistent infections (skin, gums, urinary tract)

  • Poor coat condition

  • Lethargy or reduced activity

  • Fever

Some cats may not show symptoms until the disease has progressed, which is why testing is important.

How Are FeLV and FIV Diagnosed?

Your veterinarian can perform simple blood tests to detect FeLV and FIV. Early diagnosis allows:

  • Proper medical management

  • Vaccination planning for other cats in the household

  • Advice on lifestyle adjustments to reduce transmission risk

Treatment and Management

There is no cure for FeLV or FIV, but supportive care can help cats live comfortable lives:

  • Regular veterinary check-ups to monitor health

  • Prompt treatment of infections

  • Balanced nutrition and stress reduction

  • Indoor lifestyle to prevent exposure to other cats

Some cats with FeLV or FIV can live many years with proper care and management.

Prevention is Key

At Paws & Co Veterinary Centre, we help cat owners reduce the risk of FeLV and FIV through:

  1. Vaccination – FeLV vaccines are available and recommended for cats at risk.

  2. Testing – Routine screening before introducing new cats into a household.

  3. Lifestyle advice – Keeping cats indoors, neutering, and monitoring interactions with other cats.

  4. Education – Understanding transmission routes and early warning signs.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: Can humans catch FeLV or FIV?
A: No, these viruses are specific to cats and cannot infect humans.

Q: Can FeLV or FIV be cured?
A: Currently, there is no cure, but supportive care can improve quality of life and longevity.

Q: Can infected cats live with healthy cats?
A: Yes, with careful management. FeLV-infected cats should be separated from uninfected cats, while FIV cats are less likely to transmit the virus through casual contact.

Q: How often should cats be tested?
A: New cats should be tested before entering a household. Outdoor cats or those at higher risk should be tested regularly as advised by your vet.

Protect Your Cat Today

FeLV and FIV are serious, but prevention, early detection, and proper care can make a big difference. Contact Paws & Co Veterinary Centre to:

  • Schedule FeLV/FIV testing

  • Discuss vaccination options

  • Get advice on preventing transmission and keeping your cat healthy

With the right guidance, your cat can enjoy a long, happy, and healthy life.

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